Ammonia and nitrous oxide emission factors for excreta deposited by livestock and land‐applied manure

Manure application to land and deposition of urine dung by grazing animals are major sources ammonia (NH3) nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Using data on NH3 N2O emissions following land-applied manures excreta deposited during grazing, emission factors (EFs) disaggregated climate zone were developed, the effects mitigation strategies evaluated. The represent from cattle swine in temperate wet climates, include cattle, sheep, manure wet/dry tropical climates. EFs for broadcast solid slurry 0.03 0.24 kg NH3–N kg–1 total N (TN), respectively, whereas EF was 0.29. Emissions both reduced between 46 62% with low-emissions methods. Land climates had 0.005 0.011 N2O–N TN, dry 0.0031. 0.0095 0.002 which three times greater than sheep 0.0043 0.0005, respectively. use nitrification inhibitors manure, urine/dung, 45–63%. These enhanced can improve national inventories; however, more poorly represented regions (e.g., Asia, Africa, South America) needed.